| 单词 | dirge |
| 释义 | dirge[də:dʒ]n. 挽歌, 哀乐 dirge dirge AHD: [dûrj] D.J. [dT8d9]K.K. [dPd9]n.（名词）1. Music 【音乐】 2. A funeral hymn or lament.哀乐，挽歌：丧礼的赞歌或哀悼3. A slow, mournful musical composition.庄重悲哀的乐曲：节奏缓慢，庄重悲哀的音乐作品4. A mournful or elegiac poem or other literary work.挽歌，悼词：哀戚或悲哀的诗或其他文学作品5. Roman Catholic Church The Office for the Dead.【罗马天主教】 教规为死者每日七次的祈祷语源:1. Middle English [an antiphon at Matins in the Office for the Dead] 中古英语 [教规为死者每日七次的祈祷晨祷的赞美诗] 2. from Medieval Latin d&9{ºrige Domine} [direct, O Lord (the opening words of the antiphon)] [imperative of] d&9{º}rigere [to direct] * see direct 源自 中世纪拉丁语 d&9{ºrige Domine} [指引吧，我的主（启应轮流吟唱的颂歌的开头语）] [] d&9{º}rigere的祈使语气动词 [指引] *参见 direct继承用法:dirge“ful adj.（形容词）注释:The history of the worddirge illustrates how a word with neutral connotations, such asdirect, can become emotionally charged because of a specialized use. The Latin wordd&9{ºrige} is a form of the verb d&9{ºrigere,} “to direct, guide,” that is used in uttering commands.In the Office for the Deadd&9{ºrige} is the first word in the antiphon for the first nocturn of matins. The complete opening words of this antiphon are“Dirige, Domine, Deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam,” “Direct, O Lord, my God, my way in thy sight.” The part of the Office for the Dead that begins with this antiphon was namedD&9{ºrige} in Ecclesiastical Latin, a use ofdirige as an English word that is first recorded in a work possibly written before 1200. Dirige was then extendedto refer to the chanting or reading of the Office for the Deadas part of a funeral or memorial service.In Middle Englishthe word was shortened todirge, although it was pronounced as two syllables.After the Middle Agesthe word took on its more general senses of “a funeral hymn or lament” and “a mournful poem or musical composition”and developed its one-syllable pronunciation.dirge 一词的历史表明一个中性词， 如direct 如何因特殊用法而带上了感情色彩。 拉丁词dirige 是动词 dirigere, “指示，指导”的一种形式， 用于发布命令。在为死者每日七次的祈祷中，dirige 是为第一次宵祷而启应轮流吟唱颂歌的首词。 这个颂歌完整开始语是“Dirige, Domine, Deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam,” “指引吧，我的主，我的上帝，您可看到我的行为” 。 以这首颂歌开始的为死者的祈祷部分过去用教会拉丁文被命名为Dirige , dirige 作为英语单词的一种用法， 此词可能第一次被记录在1200年前的作品中。 Dirge 是那时词义的延伸，用来指为死者的祈祷时的唱歌或读经，作为葬礼或纪念的一部分。在中古英语中，该词缩写为dirge ， 尽管它作为两个音节发音。中世纪后，该词有了更广的意义，指“哀乐，挽歌”和“悼念性的诗或其他音乐作品”，并且发展了它的单音节发音 |
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