| 单词 | impact |
| 释义 | impact['impækt]n. 冲击, 冲突, 影响, 效果vt. 挤入, 撞击, 压紧, 对...发生影响【医】 冲突, 冲击【经】 影响, 效果 impact im.pact AHD: [¹m“p²kt”] D.J. [6!m7p#kt]K.K. [6!m7p#kt]n.（名词）1. The striking of one body against another; collision.碰击，撞击：一个物体对另一个物体的击打；碰撞2. The force or impetus transmitted by a collision.冲击力：由碰撞而传递的力量或动力3. The effect or impression of one thing on another:影响：一个事物对另一个事物的影响或印象：still gauging the impact of automation on the lives of factory workers.仍然在估测自动化对工厂工人生活的影响4. The power of making a strong, immediate impression:影响力：产生很快的、很深印象的力量：a speech that lacked impact.毫无影响力的演说v.（动词） im.pact.ed,im.pact.ing,im.pacts[¹m-p²kt“] v.tr.（及物动词）1. To pack firmly together.压紧2. To strike forcefully:用力撞击：meteorites impacting the lunar surface.陨石撞击月球表面3. Usage Problem To have an effect or impact on.【用法疑难】 在…产生影响v.intr.Usage Problem （不及物动词）【用法疑难】 To have an effect or impact.对…产生影响语源:From Latin imp³ctus [past participle of] impingere [to push against] * see impinge 源自 拉丁语 imp³ctus [] impingere的过去分词 [推] *参见 impinge继承用法:impac“tion n.（名词）参考词汇:1. impact,repercussion2. The central meaning shared by these nouns is “a strong effect exerted by one person or thing on another”: 这些名词共有的中心意思为“一个人或物对另外一个人或物施加的强烈影响。” a strike that had dire repercussions. See also Synonyms at &b{collision} 反响可怕的罢工 参见同义词 collision用法:Each generation of critics seems to select one particular usage to stand as the emblem of what they view as linguistic crassness.Thirty years ago it was the use ofcontact as a verb, but opposition to that form has more or less disappeared,and attention now focuses on the verbal use ofimpact meaning “have an effect, affect.” Eighty-four percent of the Usage Panel disapproves of the constructionto impact on, as in the phrasesocial pathologies, common to the inner city, that impact heavily on such a community; and fully 95 percent disapproves of the use ofimpact as a transitive verb in the sentence Companies have used disposable techniques that have a potential for impacting our health. But even these figures do not reflect the degree of distaste with which critics view the usage:in their comments some Panelists labeled the usage as “bureaucratic,” “pretentious,” “vile,” and “a vulgarism.” ·It may be that the particular pretentiousness associated with the verbal use ofimpact is caused by its derivation from an already questionable metaphoric use of the noun impact, as in phrases such asthe political impact of the decision or the impact of the program on the community, in which no more is usually meant than might have been expressed by effects or consequences. But thoughimpact may have begun life a generation ago as an inflated substitute for “affect significantly,” it has by now become so common in corporate and institutional contexts that younger speakers appear to regard it as wholly standard and straightforward usage.Within a few years, accordingly,the usage is likely to be no more objectionable thancontact is now, since it will no longer betray any particular pretentiousness on the part of those who use it.See Usage Note at contact 每一代的批评家好象都挑了一个特别的用法作为他们认为的语言上的愚蠢行为的象征。三十年以前是contact 作为动词的用法， 但是对这种形式的反对或多或少已经消失了，注意力现在集中到了impact 意思为“有不好的影响、影响”的动词用法上。 用法专题小组成员中百分之八十四不同意to impact on 的结构， 如在短语对内城区来说很普通的社会病理学，对这样一个社区产生了很大影响的 当中； 百分之九十五的成员完全不同意impact 在句子 公司已经使用了可能会对我们的健康产生不良影响的易处理技术 中当作及物动词来使用。 但是即使是这些数字也没有反映出批评家们对这种用法厌恶的程度：在他们的评论当中有些成员把这种用法说成是“官僚主义的”、“装腔作势的”，“可耻的”，还说这是“粗鄙的语言。”也许和impact 的动词用法有关联的虚饰成份是由于它是从名词 impact 的一个早有争议的比喻用法衍变而来造成的。 如在短语这个决定在政治上的影响 或者 这个计划对公众的影响 中它的意思并没有比用 effects 或者 consequences 表达出来的意思要多。 尽管impact 作为“明显地影响”的夸大了的替代可能在一代人之前开始产生， 但是现在的年轻一代使用者看上去把它当成了完全标准的、直接的用法，这在共同的和惯例的文章中已经很普遍了。相应地在几年内，这种用法很有可能不比今天的contact 更引起反对， 因为对于那些使用它的人来说这不会再显得有点矫揉造作了参见 contact |
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