| 单词 | livelihood |
| 释义 | livelihood['laivlihud]n. 生计, 营生, 生活 livelihood live.li.hood AHD: [lºv“l¶-h‹d”] D.J. [6la!vli87h&d]K.K. [6la!vli7h&d]n.（名词）Means of support; subsistence.生计：维持生活的手段；生计语源:1. Middle English livelyhed 中古英语 livelyhed 2. alteration influenced by liflihed [energy, vigor] from lifli [lively] 受 liflihed的影响 [能量，活力] 源自 lifli [活泼的] 3. of livelode livelode的变化 4. from Old English l&9{ºfl³d} 源自 古英语 l&9{ºfl³d} 5. l&9{ºf} [life] * see life l&9{ºf} [生命] *参见 life6. l³d [course] * see leit- l³d [过程] *参见 leit- 参考词汇:1. livelihood,living,subsistence,sustenance,maintenance,support,keep2. These nouns denote the means needed to provide the necessities of life.这些名词表示用于提供生活需求的种种手段。3. Livelihood andliving are often interchangeable, butlivelihood may specify the occupation by means of which one earns an income: Livelihood 和living 常可互换， 但livelihood 可指某人凭以赚取收入的职业： He earns a precarious living as a window washer.他靠做擦窗工维持着朝不保夕的生活。4. Subsistence is sometimes equivalent toliving: Subsistance 有时相当于living： “They[the Pilgrims] &I{ fell upon an ungenial climate . . . that called out} [their] &I{ best energies . . . to get a mere subsistence out of the soil”} (Ulysses S. Grant).“他们［清教徒们］ 正赶上恶劣的天气…迫使 ［他们］ 使出所有力气……才能从土地上得到刚够维持生计的那点收成。” （尤利西斯S·格兰特）。5. Sustenance applies to what is necessary to sustain lifeand especially to the food needed for health and comfort: Sustenance 指维持生命所需的东西，尤指健康和舒适所需的食物： The urban homeless are often in desperate need of sustenance.城市里无家可归的人极其需要食物来维持生命。6. Maintenance, support, andkeep are usually reckoned as the equivalent in money of what is needed to supply necessities such as food, lodging, and clothing: Maintenance, supprot 和keep 常被看作是提供食物、住宿和衣物等生活必需品所需的钱： “Long before they reached their teens they were earning their keep” (J.M. Barrie).“当他们长到远不到青少年的时候，就在赚钱维持生活了” （J．M．巴里）。7. Support also applies to one that provides the necessaries, means, or funds to sustain others: Support 也用于表示维持他人生活的必须品、手段或资金： Her earnings are the only support of her aged parents. 她年迈的父母仅仅靠他的收入来维持生活 |
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