| 单词 | need |
| 释义 | need[ni:d]n. 需要, 必须, 缺乏vt. 需要, 必需vi. 贫困, 有必要aux. 需要【法】 需要, 必要, 必需品相关词组:at needhad needhave need to do sthif need bein need ofbe in urgent need need need AHD: [n¶d] D.J. [ni8d]K.K. [nid]n.（名词）1. A lack of something required or desirable:需要：对想要或期望的事物的缺乏：crops in need of water; a need for affection.需要水的庄稼；对感情的需要2. Something required or wanted; a requisite:必需品：要求或需要的事物；需要物：Our needs are modest.我们的必需品是谦虚3. Necessity; obligation:必要；义务：There is no need for you to go.你没有必要去4. A condition of poverty or misfortune:贫困：贫穷或不幸的状况：The family is in dire need.这个家庭极为贫困v.（动词） need.ed,need.ing,needs aux.（助词）To be under the necessity of or the obligation to:必须要：必须要，有义务要：They need not come.他们不必来v.tr.（及物动词）To have need of; require:需要；想要：The family needs money.这个家庭需要钱v.intr.（不及物动词）1. To be in need or want.需要，想要2. To be necessary.有必要语源:1. Middle English nede 中古英语 nede 2. from Old English n¶od, n¶d [distress, necessity] 源自 古英语 n¶od, n¶d [穷困，贫困] 参考词汇:1. need,necessity,exigency,requisite2. These nouns denote a condition in which something essential is required or wanted; they also refer to that which is required or wanted.这些名词都指处于对必需品的要求和需求的一种状况；它们也指需要的或要求的东西。3. Need is the most general: Need 最普遍： her emotional and spiritual needs are being met.她感情和精神上的需要都得到了满足。4. Necessity more strongly thanneed suggests urgency, inevitability, or unavoidable obligation: Necessity 比need 更强， 用来指紧迫的、不可避免的或不可躲避的义务： “The rehabilitation of the cabin became a necessity” (Bret Harte).“小屋的重新修建已是不可避免的了” （布雷特·哈特）。5. Exigency implies acute urgency,especially that arising from conditions or circumstances such as those of an emergency: Exigency 指非常紧迫，尤指产生于类似紧急事件的条件或环境： “No . . . more pernicious [doctrine] &I{was ever invented . . . than that any of} [the Constitution's] &I{ provisions can be suspended during any of the great exigencies of government”} (David Davis)“没有…曾经创造的 能比在一次政府的危急关头对 条款的取消更为有害的” （大卫·戴维斯）。6. Requisite applies to something indispensable: Requisite 指不可缺少的事物： “a place where the three grand requisites of water, fuel and fodder were to be obtained” (James Fenimore Cooper).See also Synonyms at &b{lack} “三种主要必需品，水、燃料和草料都具备的地方” （吉姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀）参见同义词 lack用法:1. Depending on the sense,the verbneed behaves sometimes like an auxiliary verb (such as can or may ) and sometimes like a main verb (such aswant or try ). When used as a main verb,need agrees with its subject, takesto before the verb following it, and combines withdo in questions, negations, and certain other constructions: 根据语义，动词need 有时当作助动词来使用（如 can 或 may )， 有时象实义动词（如want 或 try )。 当用作实义动词时，need 和主语一致， 把to 放在其后面动词的前面， 在疑问句、否定句或某些特定的造句法上和do 连用： He doesn't need to go. 他不需要走。 2. When used as an auxiliary verb,need does not agree with its subject, does not taketo before the verb following it, and does not combine withdo : 当用作助动词时，need 不用和主语一致， 不用把to 放在其后动词的前面， 并且不用和do 连用： Need he go so soon? 他这么快就要走吗? 3. The auxiliary forms ofneed are used primarily in present-tense questions, negations, and conditional clauses. They differ subtly in meaning from the main verb forms in that they always refer to an externally imposed obligation.Hence one might sayYou needn't (or less formally, don't need to ) fill out both forms, but where the sense of necessity is internal to the subject,only the main verb can be used: Need 的助动词形式主要用于现在时态的疑问句、否定句和条件句中。 它们在意思上和用作实义动词的形式有细微的区别，它们总指外部加强的压力。因此我们可以说你没必要 （或不太正规的 don't need to ) 填两份表格 ， 但是对于物体来说需要的意思是内在的，所以只能用实义动词： I don't need to (not &I{needn't} ) &I{be told how to manage my own affairs.} 我不需要（而不是 needn't ) 被告诉怎知管理自己的事情 。 4. Note also that the use ofneed as an auxiliary is often accompanied by a presupposition that the activity in question has in fact been performed.The boys needn't have spoken frankly implies that they did in fact speak frankly, whereas the sentenceThe boys did not need to speak frankly does not; only the latter could be followed by a clauselikethey conveyed their meanings by indirection. 还需注意need 用作助动词时经常伴随一个先决条件， 质问的动作事实上已经完成了。那些男孩们本来不需要坦诚相告的 意味着他们事实上已经坦率地说了， 然而这个句子男孩们不需要坦诚地说话 就没有这个意思； 只有后者可以在其后跟这样一个句子，如他们间接地表达他们的意思 |
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