英语词汇preposition的读音、翻译及短语词组释义-英汉双解词典

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单词	preposition
释义	preposition[,prepə'ziʃən]n. 前置词, 介词 preposition 1 preposition 1 AHD: [prµp”…-z¹sh“…n] D.J. [7prep6z!.n]K.K. [7prWp6z!.n]n.Abbr. prep.Grammar （名词）缩写 prep.【语法】 1. In some languages, a word placed before a substantive and indicating the relation of that substantive to a verb, an adjective, or another substantive, as Englishat, by, in, to, from, and with. 介词：在一些语言中放在一实词前，用于表示这一实词与动词、形容词或另一实词的关系，如英语中的at, by, in, to, from 和 with 2. A word or construction similar in function to a preposition, such asin regard to or concerning. 前置词：功能类似于介词的词或结构，如 in regard to 或 concerning 语源:1. Middle English preposicioun 中古英语 preposicioun 2. from Old French preposicion 源自古法语 preposicion 3. from Latin praepositi½ praepositi½n- [a putting before, preposition] translation of Greek prothesis 源自拉丁语 praepositi½ praepositi½n- [前置，介词] 希腊语 prothesis的翻译 4. from praepositus [past participle of] praep½nere [to put in front] 源自 praepositus [] praep½nere的过去分词 [放在前边] 5. prae- [pre-] prae- [前缀，表“先于”] 6. p½nere [to put] * see apo- p½nere [放置] 参见 apo- 用法:The doctrine that a preposition may not be used to end a sentence was first promulgated by Dryden, probably on the basis of a specious analogy to Latin,and was subsequently refined by 18th-century grammarians.The rule has since become one of the most venerated maxims of schoolroom grammatical lore.But sentences ending with prepositions can be found in the works of most of the great writers since the Renaissance.In fact, English syntax allows and sometimes requires final placement of the preposition.Such placement is the only possible one in sentencessuch asWe have much to be thankful for or That depends on what you believe in. Efforts to rewrite such sentencesto place the preposition elsewhere will have comically stilted results;for example:We have much for which to be thankful or That depends on that in which you believe. · Even sticklers for the traditional rule can have no grounds for criticizing sentencessuch asI don't know where she will end up or It's the most curious book I've ever run across. In these examples,up and across are used as adverbs, not prepositions, as demonstrated by the ungrammaticality of sentencessuch asI don't know up where she will end and It's the most curious book across which I have ever run. 介词不能用来结束句子这一理论最先是由德莱顿可能基于与拉丁语的一个似是而非的类比而提出的，接着又由18世纪语法学家加以改善琢磨，从此这一规则便作为学校语法教育中神化般的至理名言，但是用介词结尾的句子可以在文艺复兴以来大多数名家的作品中找到，事实上，英语句法中有时允许，甚至要求把介词放在最后这种放置。只有在下列句子中才是唯一可能的：We have much to be thankful for 或 That depends on what you believe in 。要改写这种句子，如把介词放在别处则会产生做作的滑稽效果；例如:We have much for which to be thankful 或 That depends on that in which you believe · 即使是那些拘泥于传统规则的人也找不出理由去批评这样的句子，如I don't know where she will end up 或 It's the most curious book I've ever run across 。在这些例子中up 和 across 被用作副词，而不是象以下句子中的违反语法现象所显示的那样是介词：如I don't know up where she will end 和 It's the most curious book across which I have ever run preposition 2 preposition 2也作 pre-po.si.tion AHD: [pr¶”p…-z¹sh“…n] D.J. [7pri8p6z!.n]K.K. [7prip6z!.*n]v.tr.（及物动词） pre.po.si.tioned,pre.po.si.tion.ing,pre.po.si.tions To position or place in position in advance:预先定位或放置：artillery that was prepositioned at strategic points in the desert.预先放置在沙漠中战略要点处的军火
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