| 单词 | punish |
| 释义 | punish['pʌniʃ]vt. 处罚, 惩罚, 严厉对待vi. 惩罚【法】 罚, 惩罚, 处罚 punish pun.ish AHD: [p¾n“¹sh] D.J. [6pJn!.]K.K. [6pJn!.]v.（动词） pun.ished,pun.ish.ing,pun.ish.es v.tr.（及物动词）1. To subject to a penalty for an offense, a sin, or a fault.处罚：因为触犯、罪过或过错而遭受惩罚2. To inflict a penalty for (an offense).施加处罚：因为（冒犯）而施加惩罚3. To handle roughly; hurt:粗鲁地对待；伤害：My boots were punished by our long trek through the desert.我的靴子由于我们穿越沙漠的长途旅行而被磨损了v.intr.（不及物动词）To exact or mete out punishment.强制服从惩罚或给予惩罚语源:1. Middle English punissen, punishen 中古英语 punissen, punishen 2. from Old French punir puniss- 源自 古法语 punir puniss- 3. from Latin poen&9{ºre, p&9{¿}n&9{º}re} 源自 拉丁语 poen&9{ºre, p&9{¿}n&9{º}re} 4. from poena [punishment] 源自 poena [惩罚，处罚] 5. from Greek poin¶ * see k wei- 1源自 希腊语 poin¶ *参见 k wei- 1继承用法:pun”ishabil“ity n.（名词）pun“ishable adj.（形容词）pun“isher n.（名词）参考词汇:1. punish,correct,chastise,discipline,castigate,penalize2. These verbs mean to subject a person to a penalty, such as loss, pain, or confinement, for an offense, a sin, or a fault.这些动词的意思是使某人因为冒犯、罪过或过错而受到如损失、痛苦或监禁等惩罚。3. Punish is the least specific: Punish 的意思是最不具体的： Regulations formerly permitted prison wardens to correct unruly inmates.规章制度从前曾允许监狱的典狱长惩罚不守规矩的犯人。4. Chastise implies punishment, such as corporal punishment or a verbal rebuke, as a means of effecting improvement in behavior: Chastise 表示作为使行为进步的一种方式的惩罚，如体罚或口头上的责备等： was roundly chastised for insolence.因为傲慢而受到一顿惩罚。5. Discipline stresses punishment inflicted by an authority in order to control an offender or to eliminate or reform unacceptable conduct: Discipline 强调权力机关为控制冒犯者或免除、改革不能被接受的行为所施加的惩罚： The worker was disciplined for insubordination.这个工人因为不服从而受到惩罚。6. Castigate means to censure or criticize severely, often in public: Castigate 常指在公共场合谴责或严肃地批评： The judge castigated the attorney for badgering the witness.法官因为辩护律师纠缠目击证人而谴责了他。7. Penalize usually implies a monetary penalty or the forfeiture of a privilege or gain because rules or regulations have been broken: Penalize 通常指因违反规则或惯例而施行的罚金或导致特权或利益的丧失： Those who file their income-tax returns after April 15 will be penalized. 那些在4月15日以后才填写收入所得税申报书的人将被罚款 |
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