| 单词 | sanguine |
| 释义 | sanguine['sæŋgwin]a. 血红色的, 满怀希望的, 乐观的n. 血红色, 红粉笔vt. 用血沾污, 血染【医】 多血的, 热情的 sanguine san.guine AHD: [s²ng“gw¹n] D.J. [6s#0gw!n]K.K. [6s#0gw!n]adj.（形容词）1. Color Of the color of blood; red.【色彩】 血色的；红色的2. Of a healthy, reddish color; ruddy:红润的：健康的红颜色的；脸色红润的：a sanguine complexion.红润的面色3. Archaic 【古语】 4. Having blood as the dominant humor in terms of medieval physiology.多血质的：在中世纪的生理学中把血液作为最主要的体液的5. Having the temperament and ruddy complexion formerly thought to be characteristic of a person dominated by this humor; passionate.热情的：具有以前被认为是多此种液体的人的典型特征的性情和红润脸色的；充满激情的6. Cheerfully confident; optimistic.愉快自信的；乐观的语源:1. Middle English 中古英语 2. from Old French sanguin 源自 古法语 sanguin 3. from Latin sanguineus 源自 拉丁语 sanguineus 4. from sangu&9{ºs} sanguin- [blood] 源自 sangu&9{ºs} sanguin- [血液] 继承用法:san“guinely adv.（副词）san“guineness 或 n.（名词）sanguin“ity 注释:Perhaps one has wondered what the connection betweensanguinary, “bloodthirsty,” and sanguine, “cheerfully optimistic,” could be. The connection can be found in medieval physiology with its notion of the four humors (blood, bile, phlegm, and black bile).These four body fluids were thought to determine a person's temperament,or distinguishing mental and physical characteristics.Thus, if blood was the predominant humor, one had a ruddy face and a disposition marked by courage, hope, and a readiness to fall in love.Such a temperament was calledsanguine, the Middle English ancestor of our wordsanguine. The sources of the Middle English word were Old Frenchsanguin and Latin sanguineus, the source of the French word. Both the Old French and Latin words meant “bloody,” “blood-colored,”Old Frenchsanguin having the sense “sanguine in temperament” as well. Latinsanguineus in turn was derived from sangu&9{ºs,} “blood,” just as English sanguinary is. The English adjectivesanguine, first recorded in Middle English before 1350, went on to refer simply to the cheerfulness and optimism that accompanied a sanguine temperament,no longer having any direct reference to medieval physiology.也许有人对sanguinary （“嗜血的”）和 sanguine （“愉快乐观的”）两词之间的联系感到不解。 这种联系可以追溯到中世纪生理学中四种体液的概念（多血质型、胆汁型、黏液型和抑郁型）。这四种体液被认为可决定人的性格，或者能区分出精神和肉体上的特征。因此，如果血液是最主要的体液，一个人就应有红润的脸庞和以勇敢、充满希望、易于陷入情网为特征的性情。这种性情被称为sanguine ， 也就是我们sanguine 一词的中世纪英语的原形。 中世纪英语中该词源于古法语sanguin 一词和拉丁文 sanguineus （法语词的来源）。 在古法语和拉丁文中，该词意思都是“流血的”、“血色的”，古法语sanguin 还含有“生性乐天派的”之意。 拉丁文的sanguineus 也是由 sanguis （“血的”）而来，正如英语中的 sanguinary 一词。 英语形容词sanguine 最初记载于1350年以前的中古英语中， 演化为仅指伴随乐天派性情而具有的愉快和乐观之义，与中世纪生理学没有直接联系 |
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