| 单词 | severe |
| 释义 | severe[si'viə]a. 严格的, 尖锐的, 严肃的, 严重的, 严厉的, 朴素的【法】 严厉的, 苛刻的, 严重的 severe se.vere AHD: [s…-vîr“] D.J. [s*6v!*]K.K. [s*6v!r]adj.（形容词） se.ver.er,se.ver.est 1. Unsparing or harsh, as in treatment of others; strict.严厉的：严厉的或苛刻的，如对待别人时；严格的2. Marked by or requiring strict adherence to rigorous standards or high principles.严格的：要求严格遵守精确标准或高度原则的或以之为特征的3. Austere or dour; forbidding:严峻的：严峻的或阴郁的；表情冷峻的：spoke in a severe voice.以严峻的口吻说话4. Extremely plain in substance or style:朴素的：内容或形式极朴实的：a severe black dress.朴素的黑衣服5. Causing sharp discomfort or distress; extremely violent or intense:剧烈的：引起剧烈不适或痛苦的；极其残暴或强烈的：severe pain; a severe storm.剧痛；强风暴6. Very serious; grave or grievous:严重的：非常严肃的；庄重的或严重的：severe mental illness.严重的精神病7. Extremely difficult to perform or accomplish; trying:艰难的：极其困难地进行或完成的；费力的：a severe test of our loyalty.对我们忠诚的严峻考验语源:Latin sev¶rus [serious, strict] * see w¶ro- 拉丁语 sev¶rus [严重的，严格的] *参见 w¶ro- 继承用法:severe“ly adv.（副词）severe“ness n.（名词）参考词汇:1. severe,stern,austere,ascetic,strict2. These adjectives mean unsparing and exacting with respect to discipline or control.这些形容词的意思是顾及原则与限制而严厉的或苛刻的。3. Severe implies adherence to rigorous standards or high principles;the term often suggests the imposition of harsh conditions: Severe 暗指遵守严格的标准或高度的原则；该词常暗示强加苛刻的条件： “Praise or blame has but a momentary effect on the man whose love of beauty in the abstract makes him a severe critic on his own works” (John Keats).“赞扬或指责对这个人只有瞬间效应，对抽象美的热爱使他对自己的作品严加批判 （约翰·凯兹）。4. Stern suggests unyielding disposition, uncompromising resolution, or forbidding appearance or nature: Stern 指强硬的处理、不妥协的决定或冷峻的外表或气质： “thought her husband a man fatally stern and implacable” (George Meredith).“认为她丈夫是一个极端严厉而且毫不容情的人” （乔治·马里蒂斯）。5. Austere connotes sternness, qualities such as aloofness or lack of feeling or sympathy,and often rigid morality: Austere 意味着严厉及诸如冷漠或缺乏感情与同情的性格，而且通常是恪守道德： Austere officers demand meticulous conformity with military regulations.严峻的军官要求谨遵军纪。6. Ascetic suggests self-discipline and self-denial and often renunciation of worldly pleasures for spiritual improvement: Ascetic 指自我约束和自我克制并且通常为达到精神进步而放弃世俗享乐： “Be systematically ascetic . . . do . . . something for no other reason than that you would rather not do it” (William James).有计划地克制…做…某事，没有别的理由只因你最好别做它” （威廉·杰姆森）。7. Strict means requiring or showing stringent observance of obligations, rules, or standards: Strict 指要求或显示严格遵守义务、规则或标准： “He could not be severe nor even passably strict” (W.H. Hudson).“他根本不能做到严厉，甚至连稍稍严格一点都做不到” (W.H.哈得孙） |
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