| 单词 | soldier |
| 释义 | soldier['səuldʒə]n. 军人, 士兵, 兵蚁vi. 从军, 尽职, 偷懒, 磨洋工【机】 吊骨, 撑条, 插条相关词组:come the old soldier oversoldier on soldier sol.dier AHD: [s½l“j…r] D.J. [6s*&ld9*]K.K. [6sold9+]n.（名词）1. One who serves in an army.士兵：在军队中服役的人2. An enlisted person or a noncommissioned officer.军人：被征募的人或未经任命的军官3. An active, loyal, and militant follower:斗士：积极的、忠诚的和军事上的追随者：a soldier in the environmental coalition.环境保护联盟的斗士4. A trusted follower of an organized crime leader.亲信：犯罪集团头目的受信任的追随者5. A sexually undeveloped form of certain ants and termites, having large heads and powerful jaws specialized to serve as fighting weapons.兵蚁：性发育不完全的某种蚂蚁和白蚁，头很大且颚有力，作为打架的武器v.intr.（不及物动词） sol.diered,sol.dier.ing,sol.diers 1. To be or serve as a soldier.当兵，服役2. To make a show of working in order to escape punishment.偷懒：为逃避惩罚而佯装工作语源:1. Middle English soudier [mercenary] 中古英语 soudier [雇佣兵] 2. from Anglo-Norman soudeour, soldeier 源自 英法语 soudeour, soldeier 3. Old French soudoior, soudier 古法语 soudoior, soudier 4. both from Old French sol, soud [sou] 都源自 古法语 sol, soud [小钱] 5. from Late Latin solidum, soldum [pay] 源自 后期拉丁语 solidum, soldum [报酬] 6. from solidus [solidus] * see solidus 源自 solidus [金币] *参见 solidus注释:Why do soldiers fight?One answer is hidden away in the wordsoldier itself. Its first recorded occurrence is found in a work composed around 1300,the word having come into Middle English (assoudier ) from Old French soudoior and Anglo-Norman soudeour. The Old French word,first recorded in the 12th century,is derived fromsol or soud, Old French forms of Modern French sou. There is no longer a French coin namedsou, but the meaning of the wordsou alerts us to the fact that money is involved. Indeed, Old Frenchsol referred to a coin and also meant “pay,”and asoudoior was a man who fought for pay. This was a concept worth expressing in an era when many men were not paid for fighting but did it in service to a feudal superior.Thussoldier is parallel to the word mercenary, which goes back to Latinmerc¶nn³rius, derived frommerces, “pay,” and meaning “working for pay.”The word could also be used as a noun,one of whose senses was “a soldier of fortune.”士兵们为什么而打仗?其中一个答案就隐藏在soldier 这个单词里面。 在大约1300年的一本著作中发现了这个词的最早记载。这个词由古法语的soudoior 和盎格鲁诺曼底语中的 soudeour 进入中古英语（形式为 soudier )。 古法语中的这个单词，最早记录于12世纪，是由sol 或 soud ，现代法语单词 sou 的古法语形式衍变而来的。 已经没有叫做sou 的法国硬币了， 但是单词sou 的意思使我们意识到这和钱有关。 实际上，古法语中的sol 指的是一枚硬币， 也意味着“报酬”，而soudoior 是一个为了报酬而打仗的人。 在许多人打仗并没有得到报酬而是给封建王服役的时代里，这种概念是值得表达出来的。这样，士兵(soldier) 类似于 雇佣兵(mercenary) ， 可以追溯到拉丁文mercennarius ， 由merces “报酬”衍变而来， 意思是“为报酬而工作”。这个词也能当名词使用，其中的一个意思是“雇佣兵” |
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