| 单词 | spontaneous |
| 释义 | spontaneous[spɒn'teiniəs]a. 自然的, 自发的, 未经琢磨的【医】 自发的, 特发的, 自生的 spontaneous spon.ta.ne.ous AHD: [sp¼n-t³“n¶-…s] D.J. [spKn6te!ni8*s]K.K. [sp$n6teni*s]adj.（形容词）1. Happening or arising without apparent external cause; self-generated.自然产生的：非由显然的外力诱发或产生的；自我生成的2. Arising from a natural inclination or impulse and not from external incitement or constraint.内在冲动的：由于自然倾向或冲动且非外部刺激或者强制而引起的3. Unconstrained and unstudied in manner or behavior.无约束的，不须学习的：在仪表或行为上无约束或无须学习的4. Growing without cultivation or human labor; indigenous.自然生长的：不用耕作或人类劳动而生长的；天生的语源:1. From Late Latin spont³neus [of one's own accord] 源自 后期拉丁语 spont³neus [出于自己的原因] 2. from Latin sponte * see (s)pen- 源自 拉丁语 sponte *参见 (s)pen- 继承用法:sponta“neously adv.（副词）sponta“neousness n.（名词）参考词汇:1. spontaneous,impulsive,instinctive,involuntary,automatic2. These adjectives mean acting, reacting, or happening without apparent forethought, prompting, or planning.这些形容词的意思是没有显然地事前考虑、外力推动和计划而行动、反应或发生。3. Spontaneous applies to what arises naturally rather than resulting from external constraint or stimulus: Spontaneous 指自然发生而非由于外部强制或刺激的结果： “The highest and best form of efficiency is the spontaneous cooperation of a free people” (Woodrow Wilson).“效率的最高和最好的形式是让人们自由地协作” （伍德罗·威尔森）。4. Impulsive refers to the operation of a sudden urge or feeling not governed by reason: Impulsive 指不被某种原因决定的冲动或情感的作用： Letting her friend borrow her car was an impulsive act that she immediately regretted.让朋友借走她的车是她立刻就感到后悔的冲动行为。5. Instinctive implies behavior prompted by instinct as a natural consequence of membership in a species: Instinctive 意味由本能而引发的行为，是某一种类成员的自然结果： Offering to help the accident victims seems as instinctive as breathing.对意外受难者的帮助就象呼吸一样出于本能。6. Involuntary refers to what is not subject to the control of the will: Involuntary 指不受制于意志控制的东西： “It [becoming a hero] &I{was involuntary. They sank my boat”} (John F. Kennedy).“非自愿地［成为一个英雄］ 。他们推我下船” （约翰·F·肯尼迪）。7. Automatic suggests the unthinking, unfeeling functioning of a machine;it implies an unvarying mechanical response or reaction: Automatic 指不经过思考的，没有感觉的机器运行；它意味着一种没有变化的机械反应或反响： She accepted the subpoena with an automatic “thank you.” 她接受了传票，随口说了声“谢谢你” |
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