| 单词 | voluntary |
| 释义 | voluntary['vɒləntəri]a. 自动的, 自愿的, 故意的, 志愿的, 自发的n. 自愿行动, 志愿者, 自由调【医】 随意的【经】 自愿的, 任意的, 遂意的相关词组:on a voluntary basis voluntary vol.un.tar.y AHD: [v¼l“…n-tµr”¶] D.J. [6vKl*n7teri8]K.K. [6v$l*n7tWri]adj.（形容词）1. Arising from or acting on one's own free will.自愿的：由某人的自由意愿决定或依某人自由意愿行事的2. Acting, serving, or done willingly and without constraint or expectation of reward:志愿的，义务的：自愿地而无强迫或期望回报而行动、服务或做的：a voluntary hostage; voluntary community work.志愿人质；义务社区工作3. Normally controlled by or subject to individual volition:自主的：正常决定于或控制于个人意志的：Respiration is voluntary.呼吸是自主的4. Capable of making choices; having the faculty of will.自决的：能做出选择的；具有选择能力的5. Supported by contributions or charitable donations rather than by government appropriations:自愿捐助的：由捐献或慈善捐助而非政府拨款支持的：voluntary hospitals.自愿捐助医院6. Law 【法律】 7. Without legal obligation or consideration:自愿的：没有法律义务或顾虑的：a voluntary conveyance of property.自愿的财产让与8. Done deliberately; intentional:故意做的；蓄意的：voluntary manslaughter.故意杀人犯n.（名词） 【复数】 vol.un.tar.ies 1. Music 【音乐】 2. A short piece of music, often improvised on a solo instrument, played as an introduction to a larger work.即兴曲：一段短音乐，常为乐器即兴独奏，作为大型作品的序曲3. A piece for solo organ, often improvised, played before, during, or after a religious service.即兴演奏：在宗教仪式之前、之间或之后演奏的常常为即兴的乐器独奏乐4. A volunteer.志愿者语源:1. Middle English 中古英语 2. from Latin volunt³rius 源自 拉丁语 volunt³rius 3. from volunt³s [choice] 源自 volunt³s [选择] 4. from velle vol- [to wish] * see wel- 1源自 velle vol- [希望] *参见 wel- 1继承用法:vol”untar“ily AHD: [-târ“…-l¶] （副词）vol“untar”iness n.（名词）参考词汇:1. voluntary,intentional,deliberate,willful,willing2. These adjectives mean being or resulting from one's own free will.这些形容词的意思是作为或由某人自愿导致的。3. Voluntary implies the operation of unforced choice: Voluntary 指没有强迫选择的活动： “Ignorance, when it is voluntary, is criminal” (Samuel Johnson).“当自愿的时候愚昧就是犯罪” （塞缪尔·约翰逊）。4. Intentional applies to something undertaken to further a plan or realize an aim: Intentional 用于为了推行一个计划或实现一个目的而做的事情： “In whatsoever houses I enter, I will enter to help the sick, and I will abstain from all intentional wrongdoing and harm” (Hippocratic Oath).“在我进入的每一所房子，我将帮助病人，并将戒绝所有人为的错误和伤害” （希波克拉底誓约）。5. Deliberate stresses premeditation and full awareness of the character and consequences of one's acts: Deliberate 强调预先考虑或对于某人行动特征和后果的完全了解： “In life courtesy and self-possession, and in the arts style, are the sensible impressions of the free mind,for both arise out of a deliberate shaping of all things” (William Butler Yeats).“在生活中礼貌和镇定，在艺术风格上是自由思想的明智反映，因为二者均出于对所有事物的有意的塑造” （威廉·巴特勒·叶芝）。6. Willful implies deliberate, headstrong persistence in a self-determined course of action: Willful 指在自己决定的行动过程中的故意的、顽固的坚持： a willful waste of time.对时间任意的浪费。7. Willing suggests ready or cheerful acquiescence in the proposals or requirements of another: Willing 指对于别人的建议或要求迅速并高兴的同意： “The first requisite of a good citizen . . . is that he shall be able and willing to pull his weight” (Theodore Roosevelt).“成为一个好公民的第一个要求…是他能够并且乐意努力做好其份内工作” （西奥多·罗斯福） |
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