| 单词 | black |
| 释义 | black[blæk]n. 黑色, 黑颜料a. 黑色的【医】 黑, 黑色【经】 帐簿的贷方, 黑的黑市的相关词组:black sth outblack outgive sb a black looklook black at...as black as nightblack and blue black black AHD: [bl²k] 缩写 bl.,blk.D.J. [bl#k]K.K. [bl#k]adj.（形容词） black.er,black.est 1. Color Being of the color black, producing or reflecting comparatively little light and having no predominant hue.【色彩】 黑的：黑色的，产生或反射极少光的，没有突出色彩的2. Having little or no light:黑暗的：几乎或没有光亮的：a black, moonless night.漆黑的，没有月光的夜晚3. Often Black 常作 Black 4. Of, relating to, or belonging to a racial group having brown to black skin, especially one of African origin:黑种人的：有黑色或棕色皮肤的人种的，有关黑人或棕色人种的，属于黑人或棕色人种的，尤指来自非洲的：the Black population of South Africa.南非的黑人人口5. Of, relating to, or belonging to an American ethnic group descended from African peoples having dark skin; African American; Afro-American:美国黑人的：黑色皮肤的非洲人后代成为美国少数民族的，与其相关的或属于该少数民族的；美国黑人的；美国黑人的：“When the history books are written in future generations, the historians will . . . say, ‘There lived a great people—a black people—who injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization’”(&b{Martin Luther King, Jr.})“Despite the exposure, being young, gifted and Black in the corridors of power has its trying moments”(&b{Ebony})“后世在撰写历史书时，历史学家会…说，‘这里有过一个伟大的民族——黑人民族——他们为文明的血脉注入了崭新的意义与尊严’”(小马丁·路德·金)“尽管有成功的机会，在通向权力的道路上，做为年轻、有天份的黑人尚需经历艰难时刻”(艾伯尼)6. Very dark in color:深色的：颜色很深的：rich black soil; black, wavy hair.肥沃的黑土；黑色卷发7. Soiled, as from soot; dirty:弄脏的：煤烟弄脏的；脏的：feet black from playing outdoors.在户外玩得脚很脏8. Evil; wicked:邪恶的；恶意的：the pirates' black deeds.海盗的恶劣行为9. Cheerless and depressing; gloomy:愠怒的：不高兴的，抑闷的；忧愁的：black thoughts.忧郁的想法10. Marked by anger or sullenness:气愤的：怒气冲冲的，忿恨的：gave me a black look.恶恨恨地瞥了我一眼11. Often Black Attended with disaster; calamitous:常作 Black 悲惨的：倒霉的；灾难的：the stock market crash on Black Friday.黑色星期五股市下跌12. Deserving of, indicating, or incurring censure or dishonor:不名誉的：应得，表明或招致谴责或丢脸的：“Man . . . has written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands”(&b{Rachel Carson})“人类…在海岛上成为破坏者，写下了最不光彩的记录之一”(雷切尔·卡森)13. Wearing clothing of the darkest visual hue:穿深色衣服的：the black knight.黑衣骑士14. Served without milk or cream:黑色的：不加牛奶或奶油的：black coffee.黑咖啡15. Appearing to emanate from a source other than the actual point of origin. Used chiefly of intelligence operations:间接的：出自非真实的来源。主要指情报处理：black propaganda; black radio transmissions.间接宣传；间接无线电传送16. Disclosed, for reasons of security, only to an extremely limited number of authorized persons; very highly classified:极机密的：为了安全原因只有极少数授权人知道的；高度机密的：black programs in the Defense Department; the Pentagon's black budget.国防部的机密方案；五角大楼的机密预算17. Chiefly British Boycotted as part of a labor union action.【多用于英国】 受抵制的：作为工会行动的一部分而被工会抵制的n.（名词）1. Color 【色彩】 2. The achromatic color value of minimum lightness or maximum darkness; the color of objects that absorb nearly all light of all visible wavelengths; one extreme of the neutral gray series, the opposite being white. Although strictly a response to zero stimulation of the retina, the perception of black appears to depend on contrast with surrounding color stimuli.黑色：最小亮度或最大暗度的消色差的明暗度配合；能吸收几乎所有可见波长的所有光的物体的颜色；中性灰色系列的一个极端，白色的相反物。虽然在严格意义上黑色是视网膜对零剌激的反应，但看起来黑色的感应是依靠与周围颜色刺激对比而得来的3. A pigment or dye having this color value.黑色颜料，黑色染料：有这种黑色标准的颜料或染料4. Complete or almost complete absence of light; darkness.漆黑：完全或几乎完全没有光亮；黑暗，漆黑5. Clothing of the darkest hue, especially such clothing worn for mourning.丧服：最黑的衣服，尤指参加丧礼时穿的衣服6. Often Black 常作 Black 7. A member of a racial group having brown to black skin, especially one of African origin.黑人：黑色或棕色人种的一员，尤指来自非洲的黑人8. An American descended from peoples of African origin having brown to black skin; an African American; an Afro-American:美国黑人：美国来自非洲有黑色或棕色皮肤人种的后代；美国黑人：“Many blacks and Hispanics cannot borrow money from banks on subjective grounds”(&b{Jesse Jackson})“许多黑人和西班牙人因为他人的主观偏见而不能从银行贷款”(杰西·杰克逊)9. Something that is colored black.黑色的物品：颜色为黑色的物品10. Games 【游戏】 11. The black-colored pieces, as in chess or checkers.黑子：国际象棋或西洋跳棋中的黑色棋子12. The player using these pieces.执黑子的人v.tr.（及物动词） blacked,black.ing,blacks 1. To make black:弄黑，使变黑：blacked their faces with charcoal.用木炭弄黑他们的脸2. To apply blacking to:擦黑，抹黑：blacked the stove.擦黑炉子3. Chiefly British To boycott as part of a labor union action.【多用于英国】 抵制，杯葛：作为工会行动的加以抵制v.intr.（不及物动词）To become black.变黑常用词组:black out 1. To lose consciousness or memory temporarily:晕倒：晕过去，暂时失去知觉或记忆：blacked out at the podium.在指挥台上晕倒2. To suppress (a fact or memory, for example) from conscious recognition:抑制，抹去：抑制（事实或记忆等），使之不在意识中出现：blacked out many of my wartime experiences.忘掉我在战争期间的许多经历3. To prohibit the dissemination of, especially by censorship:封锁：尤指通过审查禁止传播：blacked out the news issuing from the rebel provinces.封锁乱叛省份发出的新闻4. To extinguish or conceal all lights that might help enemy aircraft find a target during an air raid.对…实行灯火管制：在空袭中熄灭所有可能帮助敌机寻找目标的灯火5. To extinguish all the lights on (a stage).熄灯：（在舞台上）熄灭全部灯光6. To cause a failure of electrical power in:停电：导致失去电力：Storm damage blacked out much of the region.暴风雨的袭击使这个地区大范围断电7. To withhold (a televised event or program) from a broadcast area:禁止播出：不播出（电视传送的事件或节目）：blacked out the football game on local stations.地方台停止播放橄榄球赛8. To withhold a televised event or program from:停止转播：不在电视上转播（事件或节目）：will black out the entire state to increase ticket sales for the game.全国都不会电视转播这场比赛以增加票的销路习惯用语:in the black On the credit side of a ledger; prosperous.富裕的：在总帐目中有存款的一方的；富裕的语源:1. Middle English blak 中古英语 blak 2. from Old English blæc * see bhel- 1源自 古英语 blæc *参见 bhel- 1继承用法:black“ish adj.（形容词）black“ly adv.（副词）black“ness n.（名词）用法:1. Black is often capitalized in its use to denote persons, though the lowercased formblack is still widely used by authors of all races: Black 用于指人时经常大写， 虽然小写的black 仍为各个种族的作家广泛使用： “Together, blacks and whites can move our country beyond racism” (Whitney Moore Young, Jr.).“团结起来，黑人和白人可以使我们的国家超越种族” （小惠特尼·摩尔·扬）。2. Use of the capitalized form has the advantage of acknowledging the parallel with other ethnic groups and nationalities,such asItalian and Sioux. It can be argued thatblack is different from these other terms because it was derived from an adjective rather than from a proper name.However, a precedent exists for the capitalization of adjectives used to denote specific groups,as in theReds and the Whites (of the Russian Civil War) or the Greens (the European political party). The capitalization ofBlack does raise ancillary problems for the treatment of the term white. Orthographic evenhandedness would seem to require the use of the uppercase formWhite, but this form might be taken to imply that whites constitute a single ethnic group,an issue that is certainly debatable.On the other hand, the use of the lowercase formwhite in the same context as the uppercase form Black will obviously raise questions as to how and why the writer has distinguished between the two groups.There is no entirely happy solution to this problem.In all likelihood, uncertainty as to the mode of styling ofwhite has dissuaded many publications from adopting the capitalized form Black. See Usage Note at color 大写字母的好处在于对于其他种族和民族平等关系的承认，如意大利人 和 苏人。 有人可以争辩说black 与其他词不同， 因为他是由一个形容词而不是专有名词派生而成的。但是，大写形容词意指一组人已有前例，如Reds 和 Whites （俄国内战中）或 Greens （欧洲政党）。 大写的Black 确实引起了该如何对待 White 一词的有关问题。 正字法的公正要求使用White 的大写形式White， 但这种形式可能被认为暗示白人组成了单独的种族，这是会引起争论的问题。另一方面，在有black 大写形式White出现的相同语境中使用 White 的小写形式white， 显然会引起如何及为什么作者要对这两组人区别对待的问题。这一问题尚无令人满意的解决办法。White 书写方式的不确定性很可能已经使许多出版物不再采用大写形式的 Black 参见 color Black 1 Black AHD: [bl²k] Hugo La Fayette (1886-1971) D.J. [bl#k]K.K. [bl#k]NONE（无词性）American jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1937-1971). He was noted for his ardent support of civil rights.布莱克，于格·拉·费耶蒂：(1886-1971) 美国法官，曾任美国联邦最高法院陪审法官（1937-1971年）。以其对公民权的热情支持而著名 Black 2 BlackSir &B{James Whyte} (&b{Born 1924}) NONE（无词性）British pharmacologist. He shared a 1988 Nobel Prize for developing drugs to treat heart disease and stomach and duodenal ulcers.布莱克，詹姆斯·怀特：(生于 1924) 英国药物学家，因其开发治疗心脏病和胃溃疡及十二指肠溃疡的药物而获1988年诺贝尔奖 Black 3 Black&B{Joseph} (&b{1728-1799}) NONE（无词性）British chemist who rediscovered carbon dioxide (1756) and formulated the concepts of latent heat and specific heat.布莱克，约瑟夫：(1728-1799) 英国化学家，重新发现二氧化碳（1756年），并建立潜热和比热概念 Black 4 Black&B{Shirley Temple} (&b{Born 1927?}) NONE（无词性）American actress and public official. As Shirley Temple she was an immensely popular child actress of the 1930's, starring in films such asBright Eyes (1934). As an adult she has held several diplomatic positions, including ambassador to Ghana (1974-1976). 布莱克，谢利·坦普尔：(生于 1927?) 美国演员和政府官员，曾为童星秀兰·邓波儿在20世纪30年代红极一时，主演电影如《明亮之眼》 （1934年），成年后她几次担任外交官职位，包括任加纳大使（1974-1976年） |
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