| 单词 | claustrophobic |
| 释义 | claustrophobic claus.tro.pho.bic AHD: [klô”str…-f½“b¹k] D.J. [7kl%8str*6f*&b!k]K.K. [7kl%str*6fob!k]adj.（形容词）1. Relating to or suffering from claustrophobia.幽闭恐怖的：幽闭恐怖的或遭受幽闭恐怖的2. Uncomfortably closed or hemmed in.令人不适地被关闭或被包围的3. Usage Problem Tending to induce claustrophobia; uncomfortably confined or crowded:【用法疑难】 易引发幽闭恐怖的：易引发幽闭恐怖的；令人不适地被限制或拥挤的：a claustrophobic little room.引起幽闭恐惧的小房间继承用法:claus”tropho“bically adv.（副词）用法:1. Clinically speaking,claustrophobic denotes a pathological disposition to feel terror in closed spaces. But like other terms from clinical psychology (narcissism and schizophrenic, for example), the word has been applied more loosely in general usage:at first to refer to a temporary feeling of being closed in (as in 客观地说，claustrophobic 表示了一种在封闭空间里感到恐惧的病理倾向。 但象其它来自临床病理学的词汇（例如narcissism 和 schizophrenic ）一样， 该词已经被应用于更广泛的普遍意义了：首先是指被关禁时的短暂感受（如 I felt claustrophobic in that tiny room) 在那种小屋里我感到恐怖）， 2. and then to refer to a space that induces such sensations (as in 然后指引发这种感受的空间（如 The staff members are jammed into a nest of claustrophobic offices). 工作人员被塞进让人会感到幽闭恐怖的办公室里）。 3. This latter usage was unacceptable to 74 percent of the members of the Usage Panel,many of whom said thatclaustrophobic should be used only to describe a psychological state. In defense of this usage,however, it can be pointed out that it is well establishedand that it follows a general tendencyto combine adjectives with nouns according to a progressively looser construal of the semantic connection between the two.Thus the phrasetopless swimsuit came to be followed by topless dancers, which led in turn totopless bars, topless districts, and topless ordinances. By the same token,a room that induces a particular emotion may be described assad or cheerful without objection, and there seems to be no principled basis for drawing the line at calling itclaustrophobic. 后种用法为用法使用小组中74%的成员所不接受，其中许多人说claustrophobic 应只能用来描述一种心理状态。 为维护这种用法，毕竟要指出这种用法已经很好地确定了下来，并且它跟随一种普遍倾向，即通过对形容词与名词之间语义联系积极的、更密切的解释将两者合并。这样，词组topless swimsuit 导引出 topless dancers， 随之又引出topless bars，topless district 和 topless ordinance 。 用同样的表示法，导致一种特殊情绪的状况可描述为无任何异议的sad 或 cheerful ， 称其为claustrophobic 似乎不存在什么描述性的原则 |
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