| 单词 | host |
| 释义 | host[həust]n. 主人, 旅馆老板, 节目主持人vt. 当主人招待, 作...节目主持人【计】 主机, 宿主机【化】 主体【医】 宿主相关词组:be a host in oneselfplay host to host 1 host 1 AHD: [h½st] D.J. [h*&st]K.K. [host]n.（名词）1. One who receives or entertains guests in a social or an official capacity.主人，东道主：以社会身份或官方身份接待或款待客人的人2. A person who manages an inn or a hotel.酒店业主：经营酒馆或旅馆的人3. One that furnishes facilities and resources for a function or an event:主办国：为一庆典或事件提供设备和资源的人：the city chosen as host for the Olympic games.这个城市被选为举办奥运会的主办国4. The emcee or interviewer on a radio or television program.主持人：电台或电视节目中的主持人或采访者5. Biology The animal or plant on which or in which another organism lives.【生物学】 宿主，寄主：有另一种生物寄生其上的动植物6. Medicine The recipient of a transplanted tissue or organ.【医学】 移植接受体：移植组织或器官的接受体v.tr.（及物动词） host.ed,host.ing,hosts 【用法疑难】 To serve as host to or at:作东，请客：“the garden party he had hosted last spring”(&b{Saturday Review})“去年春天他主办的花园聚会”(星期六评论)语源:1. Middle English [host, guest] 中古英语 [主人，客人] 2. from Old French 源自 古法语 3. from Late Latin hospes hospit- * see ghos-ti- 源自 后期拉丁语 hospes hospit- *参见 ghos-ti- 继承用法:host“ly adj.（形容词）用法:Host was used as a verb in Shakespeare's time, but this usage was long obsoletewhen the verb was reintroduced (or perhaps reinvented) in recent yearsto mean “perform the role of a host.”The usage occurs particularly in contexts relating to institutional gatherings or television and radio shows,where the person performing the role of host has not personally invited the guests to his or her own establishment (thus it would be odd to sayThis evening we are hosting a dinner party at our house for my husband's cousins from New York ). Perhaps because the verb involves a suspect extension of the traditional conception of hospitality,it initially met with critical resistance.In a 1968 surveyonly 18 percent of the Usage Panel accepted the usage in the sentenceThe Cleveland chapter will host this year's convention. Over time, however,the usage has become increasingly well establishedand appears to serve a useful purpose in describing the activities of one who performs the ceremonial or practical role of a host (in arranging a conference or entertainment, welcoming guests, and so forth).In our most recent survey53 percent of the Panelists accepted the usage in the phrasea reception hosted by the Secretary of State. The verb is less well accepted when used to describe the role of a performer who acts as a master of ceremonies for a broadcast or film,where the relation of the word to the notion of “hospitality” is stretched still further.Only 31 percent of the Panel accepted the use of the verb in the sentenceStudents have watched Sex, Drugs and AIDS, a graphic film hosted by actress Rae Dawn Chong. · The verbcohost has likewise become well established in its use to refer to those who collaborate in assuming responsibility for an occasion. Fifty-eight percent of the Usage Panel accepted this use in the sentenceThe Department of Architecture and the Department of History will be cohosting a reception for conference participants. Host 一词在莎士比亚时代用作动词， 但自那时起这一用法很长时间不用了，直到近年来又被重新起用（或者可能重新创造），用来表示“担当主人的角色”。这一用法尤其在学术聚会或电视、电台节目的情况下使用，在这些情况下，身为主人的人并没有以私人身份邀请客人去到他或她自己的家中，（这样的话，如果我们说今天晚上我们将在家中为我丈夫来自纽约的表兄妹‘主办’一个晚餐会 就会觉得有点别扭）。 也许是因为有人认为这一动词用法会扩大传统的“好客”概念，所以一开始它就遭到了批评性抑制。在1968年的一次调查中，用法专题使用小组中18%的成员在如下句子中的用法，即克利夫兰分会将主办本年度的大会。 但是，随着时间的推移，这一用法已逐渐被接受，并在描绘一个担当司仪或具体的主人任务（例如安排会议或娱乐活动，欢迎客人等等）时起到了很好的作用。在我们最近一次的调查中，用法专题使用小组中的53%的成员接受了短语由国务卿出面举办的招待会 中“host”一词的用法。 但当这一动词用法用来描绘作为广播节目或电影节目的主持人的主持工作时，人们就不太接受其用法，因为这样用，这个词与“好客”这一概念的关系就更松了。只有31%的用法专题使用小组成员接受host在句子学生们观摩了 由 演员雷·唐·宗主持解说的纪录片 ‘性、毒品与艾滋病’”中的动词用法。 同样，用来表示分工合作共同举办某一活动的动词cohost 也已被普遍接受。 58%的用法专题使用小组成员接受这一动词在如下句子中的用法：建筑系和历史系将共同为与会者举办一次招待会 host 2 host 2 AHD: [h½st] D.J. [h*&st]K.K. [host]n.（名词）1. An army.军队2. A great number; a multitude.See Synonyms at multitude 许多；众多参见 multitude语源:1. Middle English 中古英语 2. from Old French 源自 古法语 3. from Late Latin hostis 源自 后期拉丁语 hostis 4. from Latin [enemy] * see ghos-ti- 源自 拉丁语 [敌人] *参见 ghos-ti- host 3 host 3也作 Host AHD: [h½st] D.J. [h*&st]K.K. [host]n.Ecclesiastical （名词）【基督教会】 The consecrated bread or wafer of the Eucharist.圣体：圣餐中献祭的面包和圣饼（未发酵的圆面包片）语源:1. Middle English 中古英语 2. from Latin hostia [sacrifice] 源自 拉丁语 hostia [奉献] |
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